Evolution&Security- the site on things which really matter

  • Losing and awakening heartbeat. What is sleep in real?

    By Marta Koblańska, February 21, 2025 Photo: This model suggests that the physiological processes influenced by fluctuations in norepinephrine (NA) during NREM sleep—particularly those related to memory consolidation and glymphatic clearance—function best when these fluctuations occur approximately every 50 seconds. Authors: Anita Lüthi, Maiken Nedergaard.

    Sleeping is a kind of disengagement from the environment to restore energy released earlier. Fragmented sleep harms cognition and health. At the same time, seconds of a wake-like state due to noradrenaline inflows leave us ready to wake up.

    It is obvious that sleep is crucial for our daily life, memory, and cognition, as well as strengthens resilience against disease, including mental disorders and age-related neurodegeneration. Good sleep enables long-term well-being. Its disruption leads to various problems, while the reasons for commonly shared insomnia may differ individually, despite the lesion of pathways being similar, as mammalian sleep patterns seem to resemble the same key marks. These are brain waves, the amount of oxygen in the blood, the speed of the heart and breath, eyes, and limb movements. But now, scientists of Switzerland and Denmark in a new study,,Anything but small: Microarousals stand at the crossroad between noradrenaline signaling and key sleep functions, “ published in ,, Neuron” demonstrate connections between wake-like brain activity, changes in the heart and respiration, and movements of various body parts. Simultaneously, wake-like brain activity lasting seconds and corresponding body movements do not imply that microarousals are simply sleep-disrupting events.

    Are we going away and back?

    Our heart is separate from the brain system of signals; however, both of them work synchronously, being part (in the case of brain-selected structures) of the sympathetic system in the body. The system is responsible for, in general, action excluding the intestinal tract. The trigger to enable action is noradrenaline, a hormone that accelerates heart speed and thus blood pressure at the same time releasing glucose stored in cells, which gives an energy boost.

     – With the example of rodents, we indicated natural sleep arousal events timed to fluctuations in neuromodulatory tone, particularly noradrenergic signaling driven by the locus coeruleus (LC), say Anita Lüthi of the University of Lausanne and Maiken Nedergaard of the University of Copenhagen and Rochester.

    The locus coeruleus is located in the brainstem. The brain trunk represents the most primordial part of our brain that sustains basic life functions. According to the scientists, a key focus will be embedding microarousals within both sleep’s electrical rhythms and sleep-related vasomotor and glymphatic activities, revealing the microarousals as boosters for the interplay across physiology of sleep.

    Surprisingly, microarousals in humans are scored when there is an EEG frequency shift (changes in brain waves) either alone or accompanied by increases in heart rate and/or muscle tone, according to the scientists. They add that in the human phase of REM sleep, a microarousal is scored once brain desynchronization coincides with electromyogram (EMG) activity. The latter is widely used in medicine to check muscle work as well as the transmission of impulses in nerves.

    A neurotransmitter for going back?

    Simplifying it means the key is the timely noradrenaline transmitter fluctuations during healthy sleep, causing a brief wake-like state. The booster may signal a shift in the frequencies of brain waves measured with EEG. However, the shift may also appear without microarousal as the heart rhythm can accelerate in a graded manner even without brief wake-like, and then the lighter change in EEG is caught. At the same time, as claim scientists, there are phasic EEG events that do not correspond to an EEG activation, yet they are related to an arousal process. That example is, as stated by the scientists,  the K-complex. In human sleep EEG, it is a singular, large, slow wave with a biphasic waveform lasting 0.5–1 s, which can appear without apparent cause but also in response to sensory stimulation. It is accompanied by heart rate increases. But, in general, microarousals are the strongest among other waking-like processes.

    Brief wakes are not the same as fragmented sleep. However, the frequency of their occurrence may differ by age and sex. The highest ratio has been observed in adult men. Along with aging, the number of microarousals may increase by 1,5 fold. The scientists emphasize that deviation from these mean values is diagnostically valuable in diverse sleep disorders.

     

  • Nervous systems of global functioning become less efficient – IEA

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  • Is it Earth’s destiny to sustain life? At least the one we know

    By Marta Koblańska, February 16, 10:30, Photo: PIRO, Pixabay


    When a new life is arising, an old one is passing away. Ancient beliefs about life cycles may be true, as chemistry sets up the foundations for environmental processes crucial for emerging life on Earth.

    One of the greatest ever philosophers, Baruch/Benedictus Spinoza, claimed that Earth in the clash with the Universe was like a box of matches and people living on the Blue Planet were not even matches but rather a match’s heads (do not confuse it with head). So, how did we become part of Earth and this tiny part of the Universe? Years after Spinoza, many scientists searched for the answer, but no one completely succeeded. Possibly, some of them got close, like Alexandr Oparin, as well as Polish priest Włodzimierz Sedlak. The latter believed a prebiotic soup of molecules and light could have contributed to life.

    New character of life-cycles


    Now, scientists from Israel (The Hebrew University of Jerusalem) in a newly published study in,,Nature Chemistry” invert the common view that life arising possibly from non-living matter is an absolute coincidence. They say, instead, the chemistry of prebiotic conditions available on ancient Earth created a good base for wet and dry cycles of molecules’ reactions, bonds, and breakups, which resulted in the first organic and then living matter. What is more, in their experiment in the laboratory where the scientists mimicked conditions of prehistoric Earth, they observed that selected biomaterial behaved in line with already set patterns. That excluded random bonds and thus random evolution of the chemical bases, which we all have in our bodies.


    By demonstrating that chemical systems can self-organize and evolve in structured ways, we provide experimental evidence that may help bridge the gap between prebiotic chemistry and the emergence of biological molecules,


    say Kavita Matange and dr Moran Frenkel-Pinter, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem


    Of course, all of this is not so simple. There are millions of mechanisms, as well as chemical and biological features, influencing life that arise along with conditions necessary to sustain it. But the study shows that in the case of selected molecules, which chemistry stipulates billions (but only some of them have the potential for life-origin), life is not impossible to create. Science fiction? Not exactly.

    What did scientists discover?

    Israeli scientists have confirmed that chemical compounds can continuously evolve without reaching equilibrium. This means that, in addition to creating products during a chemical reaction, the process also generates substrates—compounds that contribute to these products and potentially others. As a result, the final amounts of these ingredients may not always correspond directly.

     

    This finding supports the idea that ancient beliefs about life may hold some truth. The compounds studied demonstrate a plasticity in their transformation, influenced by the selection of active chemical mechanisms during the process. Additionally, there can be significant differences between different populations of these compounds, although the dynamics of these populations are synchronized.

    Is it safe for us to get control of life-origin? Yes and no. Yes, because we can realize how fragile life is. No, because we are gaining enormous power on it.

     

  • Are war supporters leftish? That might be the case in the Ukrainian war

    By Marta Koblanska, February 10, 18:00, Photo: MayaQ, Pixabay

    Over-trusted governments may cheat their voters with social welfare redistribution while in fact keep silent on human costs on the battlefield outside ruling area.


    Ukrainian war started after Russia attempted to invade the country what might have been planned for a very long time. The reasons of the move are in line with Russia’s interests, however the way of performance is highly questionable, moreover – unacceptable. Ukraine’s interests lay in contradiction to the past empire practices and although some of them could have changed, the core remained untouched. Here I briefly try to explain why.

    Deceptive and real support


    In recently published study ,,The effects of war on redistribution preferences” in ,,Journal of Public Economies”, scientists who conducted a survey among nearly 4 thousand of Russia-based respondents claim, the war supporters regardless human costs approve income redistribution to those in need at the same time trusting their leader. In the case of Russia the leader is Wladimir Putin. In opposition, people, who do not want to support war due to silence human costs substantially less trust the leader.


    In Russia, it is unsurprising the people trust their leader and support him regardless of the final effect. That stance has a long history and is based on the nation’s experiences. However, if the results of the study are applicable in other regions in the world, it could all of us cost too much. Scientists of Yale hold, that their interpretation of the pool which, another words, stipulates increased demand for income redistribution comes along with higher trust in government among war supporters is justified. Why? Because, in general, war activates prosocial preferences. Of course among those who are not part of it.

    Our treatments only affected attitudes toward specific policies that involve the state redistributing its limited resources,


    say Alexei Zakharov of Jackson School of Global Affairs and Philipp Chapkovsky of Duisburg-Essen University emphasizing that attitudes toward the minimum wage – a redistributive policy that does not involve the government redistributing income – are not affected by the approach.

    What’s interesting, as scientists claim, simultaneously the one who is in charge of national income redistribution is going to take into account in higher degree voices of perceived as an out-group. That’s may be major political trick universal elsewhere. However, in the case of Russia’s war against Ukraine when national identity plays crucial role that might be costly for the one who is sacrificing income and local welfare for the purpose of even not full military engagement.

  • Does lack of oxygen in body cells trigger cancer?

    Photo: Comparison of the performance of the 70 published hypoxia signatures using the IQM in 104 cancer cell lines, University of Oxford, Matteo Di Giovannantonio, Fiona Hartley

    Too high demand for oxygen in the body may signal cancer. A decrease of oxygen in tissues’ micro-environment shifts metabolic pathways.


    Oxygen is a substance without which there would have been no life on Earth. There are many theories supporting view that if the atmosphere compounds substantially changed their proportion we all could seek another place to live. Oxygen was this element that contributed the most to the explosion of life during the Cambrian era. At that time many species emerged on the Earth and evolution of vertebrates could start.


    Finally humans appeared in over 70 percent built with water (the share decreases along with aging). Our cells, tissues, organs need oxygen to perform their tasks and continue life-processes. Oxygen subsists also in our genes what in general is an advantage when we are healthy and healthy patterns of our genetic expression are in use. But, in some cases, this expression what is more precisely signatures of selected genes may cause troubles and death. Scientists of University of Oxford in the newly published study in ,,Cell Genomics” prove that hypoxia detected remarkably early might be a predictor of cancer as it is already known its association with poor prognosis in many types of tumor across tissues. However, clinical trials to get a sufficient therapy failed, so far, mainly due to inconsistent both data and results. Why this one study fate might differ?

    What is hypoxia?


    Hypoxia is a very common stage of our cells building vascular network as well as present in diseases occurring in our lungs. Simply it is not enough oxygen in the tissue. That’s may be one reason of cancer within vulnerability of some genes. In the case of cancer it might be although too much demand for the substance. Why? Because cancer creates the demand proliferating defective cells at the same time making them fed with alternative vascular network. The process decreases healthy level of oxygen in normal tissue as aberrant angiogenesis fails to keep pace with increased oxygen demand. And that shifts metabolic pathways in the area with huge and often unpredictable consequences.


    We investigate the performance of 70 hypoxia signatures in hypoxia vs. normal oxygen level experiments across 104 cell lines, as well as in over 5,000 clinical samples from 10 solid tumor types using 472 million length-matched random gene signatures


    states Matteo Di Giovannantonio of Oxford


    As scientists claim, signature and score choice strongly influenced the prediction of hypoxia in vitro and in vivo. 

    Oxygen concentration in genes a key for cancer?


    What’s fascinating within the examined 70 signatures of genes, no individual one was found. Scientists explain this could reflect their origin in terms of the derived tissues’ response to hypoxia (different cell lines/tumor types), or this might reflect differences in the experimental conditions used (percentage of oxygen, length of time under hypoxia. One or another, frequencies of certain genes may differ and the most frequent are those that activate in a response to hypoxia. What’s more, noticed enrichment in oxygen concentration has been caught on for renal cell carcinoma. But it is not only one. There are specific signatures for breast cancer, glioblastoma  or colorectal cancer cell lines. What’s more, tumor hypoxia is therefore associated with poor prognosis in tumors across tissues, including breast, bladder, brain, gastric, head and neck, liver, lung, esophageal and prostate.


    Unfortunately, the case of hypoxia expression in our genes i.e. which of the variants is missing oxygen and how much is not so easy to assess. Genes expression may change, variants differ, so it isn’t easy to link it with a certain outcome. In other words our genetic base is rather instable in opposition to a fixed code nevertheless it is a code in real. The difficulties, as state Oxford scientists, do not imply it is impossible to stratify the levels of expression in line with modern technologies capacity.


    The strategy could help to establish a new foundation in how to apply hypoxia signatures


    says Fiona Hartley of Oxford


    It could thus enhance our understanding of tumor micro-environmental biology, elucidate new pathways and biomarkers, and, ultimately, drive effective patient stratification for hypoxia modifiers and other treatment solutions – conclude scientists.

  • The cage of recycling without which industries went damned anyway

    By Marta Koblańska, February 4, 15:30, Photo: public, Pixabay


    Why European Union is in charge of less than 10 percent of global emissions? Because it locates the burden in developing world.


    Our planet is getting warmer and warmer. Temperatures records and cataclysms show us how tiny we are in the clash with power of nature. Nature, who is executing its rights when too much harm has been done to it. One of these harms includes emissions we all produce and release to the atmosphere in various amounts. Of course, nowadays we are aware of their devastate character and we are even trying to slash them as much as possible. But at the same time we are addicted to the way of life we either gained or aspire to gain.


    As prof. James Holland Jones of Stanford University stated some time ago we are rather not to go back to the past and live as hunter-gathers societies nevertheless selected elements of this way of life stick on. We strive to go further and further. And technologies we develop and upgrade may enable so as there is no coming back to the time that passed.

    Sustainability in a nutshell


    One of examples of advance represents cars with electricity-powered engine instead of traditional oil. If electricity feeding the vehicle comes from renewables, the environmental profit is twice as much as the one without. But batteries for those machines need materials to store as much energy as possible thus being a very energy-dense. And this is the trap. But on the other hand, as state scientists from Stanford in the newly published study in ,,Nature Communication”, the solution here could be recycling. Scientists claim the process may cut environmental costs by two thirds in terms of water use necessary to mine minerals and energy crucial for such a battery work.


    The trick here would be though the location of mines that is dependent on resources availability and has been more in favor for developing world as well as location of recycling and production facilities what premiums more developed regions.


    Recycling of batteries in regions heavily dependent on electricity generated by burning coal would see diminish climate advantage


    holds Samantha Bunke, PHD student at Stanford.


    But, on the other hand, fresh-water shortages in regions with cleaner electricity are a great concern,


    she adds.


    The challenge is also transportation. Both new and old minerals may be transported via road, rail or sea for further refining. There are already existing centres of their processing and recycling for market purposes but there may be a demand for more. For example, as the study states, 80 percent of the global supply of cobalt is mined in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Then, 75 percent travels to China for refining. Substantial share of the global supply of lithium is mined in Australia and Chile. Batteries for recycling also need their way to a dedicated facility. That makes the total transport distance the whole globe and a half. And all of these cost. This one who can pay for the final product is being slashing emissions at the same time securing future minerals supply.

  • What’s like with energy?

    By Marta Koblańska, February 1/2025, 18:30, Photo: Angeles Balaguer, Pixabay


    Are fossil fuels passe or not exactly? The newly published studies in ,,Cell Sustainability” call for some limits in energy-dense materials but in the other hand make clear how fossils impact out life.

    The need for more efficient management of fossils comes due to huge emissions stored in our technosphere that includes artifacts manufactured by humans during the years of civilization development. But the development has not been in favor for a portion of people. In some countries urbanization does not exceed 35 percent of the country land. Construction sector is though the one which accounts for nearly 40 percent of harmful emissions both stored in buildings as well as needed for its further development as we all rather prefer to live in a house or flat instead of jungle.

    Why we have to pay for life?


    Energy, is a sine qua non resource for any development and thus advance. Each human, country, civilization, in various forms, need it for existence. Fossil fuels come from the Earth. As scientists write in ,,Cell”, fossil carbon is stored mainly in long-lasting products as in these ones we use shortly decomposites faster and release to the atmosphere is quicker. Between 1995 and 2019 over 8 billion tons of fossil carbon have accumulated in human-made artifacts. And approximately 0.4 billion tons we have been added each year as a kind of payment for our civilization.


    What’s more, a considerable share of fossil fuels is used as a feedstock (non-energy use) in the industry to produce final goods without which we can not live anymore (cloths, medicines, fertilizers). We also need these fuels to distribute goods as transport still mainly goes on oil, despite it may change to some extent. This explains why oil may be swapped for selected currencies and selected currencies may be swapped for oil. Some countries tried to do so with natural gas but not fully succeeded despite natural gas may in real reduce emissions as methane decomposition in the atmosphere takes substantially less time than carbon dioxine. And it is crucial for fertilizers.

    What is security in real?


    In Poland we all can thank God fertilizer industry has not gone bankrupt, yet. The price we are paying here for natural gas purchased in so-called spot deliveries is considerably higher due to a long way transport from opposite direction than traditionally and thus necessary fees. By the way, the fact is substantially less applicable if gas is transported via own pipe (this is the cheapest way of transport) and from even leased fields or it is shipped directly, however the key here is quantity.


    High prices of oil and gas might be one of the most important reasons of so many bankruptcies in Poland last year. Along with high-level of mortgage and consumption credits that cost in line with local interest rate we can say thank you to Mr Glapinski, who is not my type, for keeping the rates on a stable level despite huge energy costs surge. The security is thus the price affordable to pay either in short-term or in long-term. And this depends substantially on the standard of living. When you pay more for the same goods while the rest is paying less you are becoming poorer.

  • Human traits. Are they arriving on time?

    By Marta Koblańska, January 29, 16:55, Photo: public domain Pixabay


    Is it possible to catch differences in human genome visible and invisible expression? Modern technologies enable so. And what’s more they can trace our past to millions of years back.

    Natural selection which is an ongoing process of passing traits from one generation to the next and next, parks, lets say, prints in our genome.
    Of course, we are all humans and we gained complex human traits which made us creatures we are with strong differences from our ancestors. But, as Australian-based scientists state in newly published article in ,,Cell Genomics” during millions of years of evolution, we may have collected many variants but sometimes with small effects. One or another, discoveries of strong selective sweeps remain rare. Moreover, due to reproducing our genes we may adapt, as a population to an environmental change by subtly altering allele frequencies across many variants – Jian Zeng writes in the article ,,Tracing human trait evolution through integrative genomics and temporal annotations”. Alleles are these versions of our genes whose expression may differ as they are built by slightly different nucleotides (the base of our genetic code which replicates, sometimes makes mistakes and a substantial portion of which we share with other mammals).

    Footprint for future


    This is why it is difficult to trace the genetic evolution in complex traits.
    But it does not mean it is impossible. Nowadays technologies, genome advanced sequencing in particular, which maps genetic variants associated with phenotypic variation of traits, and genomic annotations (expression) may deliver us information on functional roles of genetic sequences/regions as well as on differences between them. Currently both wide lengths and the small ones could be read. Moreover the technology enables to track a sense of enrichment in our genome what may be a footprint of our past and, in some sense – future.

    Scientists from Brisbane, Australia (The University of Queensland), focused on 70 complex human traits and diseases over past 25 million years since divergence from rhesus macaques, chimpanzees, and Neanderthals and Denisovans. Meanwhile, the analysis investigated the timing of accelerated genomic changes. The obtained data indicated 11 genomic annotations linked to studied across species as well as developmental stages. What’s more the authors of the study could mark regions that evolved during different periods of human evolutionary history back to 25 millions years. That was the time when our human traits became somehow enhanced in the genome.

    Significant heritability and gene enrichments were observed for skeletal traits, consistent with fossil evidence, highlighting adaptations related to bipedal locomotion and body structure.

    says Jian Zeng of University of Brisbane


    The scientist adds, signals were also found for respiratory traits linked to lung function as well as white matter measurements in the brain’s left part, which is associated with language processing. Further divergences strenghten specified traits such as body mass index, smoking status or visual cortex along with psychiatric traits which could have been linked, according to previous studies to paths of lung and brain development. What’s interesting currently very common dysfunction – autism may come from Neanderthals whose went extinct due to many reasons and dates back 5 million years. As scientists state in their article, applied techniques revealed heritability enrichment for autism in ancient selective sweeps. This could suggest incomplete selection on autism-associated variants due to pleiotropic effects on neural development and cognition. Pleiotropic effect, a popular solution in a lot of modern medicines, help to alleviate pain we feel because our brain work in a way we do not really want, what does not always imply improperly.

    Scientists conclude their study for the first time reveal phenotypic evolution with distinct genomic changes over millions of years. – These efforts lay a foundation for future research to uncover the evolutionary dynamics underlying human health and disease – state scientists. However, the question could be whether we prefer to know everything on our past and so-called future?

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  • Transplantation. Life gift

    By Marta Koblańska, January 26/2025, 14:30, Photo: Leomar Lunkes, Pixabay

    The Day of Transplantation is celebrated in Poland on January 26. Transplantation represents, so far, the most modern way to save life when you need another human’s support. This can come from the closest family, a living person who wants to share a portion of the body, or a donor who lost his or her life autonomously.


    Poland is at the top of bone marrow transplants, after having strongly increased the number of potential donors. This we owe to Doda, a Polish singer, who was shouting to save the life of a guy called Negral some time ago. By the way, Doda saved life of many Poles as in response to her appeal, thousands ran to register in the bone marrow bank, becoming donors. The Hematology branch is the most strict in terms of antiseptic and sanitary rules to secure acceptance of a transplant. It also requires highly-skilled personnel. Polish pioneer in bone marrow transplantation is Prof. Wiesław Jędrzejczak, who performed it in 1984. In 2025, the Great Orchestra of Christmas Charity (WOŚP) wants to support children with blood cancer, whose number is increasing.

    The recent success in Poland is the transplantation of hearts for young people in line with the incredible skills of Prof. Mariusz Kuśmierczyk of Warsaw Medical Centre. A huge achievement is the reactivation of the liver sharing program from live donors, which contributed substantially to an increase in the number of surgeries. This we owe to Prof. Michał Grąt of Warsaw Medical Centre. The liver is seen as the most difficult organ to transplant due to the number of needed vascular anastomoses. But the guru of Polish transplantology remains Prof. Wojciech Rowiński, whose enormous efforts smooth tensions between catholic ortodox message and medical evidence-based knowledge.

     

  • Behind the wall. Why sex does not matter

    By Marta Koblańska, January 25/2025, 11:15, Photo: Julita, Pixabay


    What shops in Poland hide from the sight? Some of them school-aged children who instead of learning maths, are trying to escape of their hurt.


    Work in a grocery takes you to another world. All the sudden you are finding out that law binding in your country ,in general, is not applicable. But it is not so bad until you are getting money for your cash-desk service, exposition of hundreds of products on shelves or carrying 18 kilograms of sparkling water for one move while such moves might be more than ten. And you are a woman. The driver with the next delivery sometimes helps you with containers and even with heavier goods but he does not have time to bring all of them. You can say, unfortunately European Union fighting for women rights forgot about sex differences in the case of shops. The law is set not the way, probably because of equal chances and equal treatment (in the EU everyone is very sensitive for discrimination) to obligate shop-runners to hire a man to serve deliveries. And who cares that your period is twice a month and your hands skin is getting dry due to required temperature in refrigerators? Who cares you are running out of blood and have no money to see doctor regurarly, not mentioning drugs you need for minimal healthy functioning? But, to be just, there are shops hiring men for deliveries or at least are claiming so.

    Disappearing cash

    People who come to the shop are nice and often pay with cash and leave some extra thinking you and your friends are getting the surplus. No. More often you hear the cash report/check out is not in favour, what stipulates some money is missing. How is this possible when you see some people pay more for products they buy than the price on the shelf and in the computer system and all money is collected in the cassette? A mystery.

    A phone lock

    But you are getting your dole and even more than you have set in your contract if you are that happy to obtain it. You have to work as your child is attending school and may have a better future. You do not contribute to the retirement system because earning is too low to pay. But anyway it is not too bad. Still, you have some money to survive. Your child is attending school and you can control whether its security has been ensured. But, in some cases, child may not attend school or attend selectively. Why? Not clear. The clear thing is it is spending time with a quite good phone at the back of the shop. Not very happy. You can rather say unhappy and trying to show it but its buddy requires dutifully. When you can close a gantry approached by upper-class car the child may be moved to another room. What’s happening next? You do not know because you are fired.

  • When your body is starving relieve. Pain treatment at the edge of life

    By Marta Koblańska, January 24, 2025 Photo: Dmitriy, Pixabay


    Various civilizations approached differently to people who needed strong care differently due to their health status. Western civilization is claiming its supreme role in the gentle transition of humans to the end.


    Palliative care is a new branch of medicine and has not been implemented in some countries, yet. Its major goal is to relieve the pain coming from an illness. There are several pain grades, dependent also on the type of illness, and there are many ways to alleviate it. Palliative care extends life if scheduled soon, which, anyway, should not necessarily result in the other treatment being cut off. However, the practice might be different due to the costs of a life for the society that the patient contributed to in the past. One or another, palliative care is placed at the top of modern civilization’s achievements as it helps in real, particularly when a family can not either afford or match the requirements of care for the impaired member. In Poland, which is among the top 10 countries throughout the world in advances of palliative care (number 7 in 2019, according to Aleksandra Ciałkowska-Rysz statement in line with the Atlas of Palliative Care), the catholic church holds its substantial share in the assessment. However, without volunteers, public money from the national health incumbent Narodowy Fundusz Zdrowia, having been increased since 2016/2017, private sponsors, and many people who just want to give their stake, the situation of patients in palliative care could have been much more difficult.

    Blazing legal issues

    The situation is not perfect anyway due to legal absurdities, making the end of life for some patients rather miserable than of good quality. This includes blood and its derivatives treatment rules, left to be solved by the former ruling coalition party. Blood transfusion can be performed only in a dedicated hospital unit, which generates both unnecessary suffering for patients being moved as well as costs of transport. Palliative care specialists, together with hematologists and transfusion experts, have been fighting to cancel the law to enable the treatment in the place where the patient stays. Polish upper-house of Parliament – Senate, as stated during the conference on palliative care in Warsaw, organized by Warsaw Medical University in cooperation with Łodź Medical University (Warszawski Uniwersytet Medyczny and Łódzki Uniwersytet Medyczny), and the Polish church charity Caritas has been scheduled to resolve the problem.


    The most important issue to solve is thus feeding. There are many home-care units of palliative care in Poland, as well as dedicated hospital units, but eligibility to feed parenterally or directly to the gut has been granted to out-patient services. What’s interesting there is an obligation to go there with a caregiver. Usually, the condition of a patient who requires such service does not let for free walking. So either a specified transport unit is needed or a privately-run sophisticated service. How Polish public palliative care is responding to the problem is a mystery. However, during the conference, Prof. Aleksandra Ciałkowska- Rysz of Łódź Medical University emphasized that the situation must change.

    Civilization burden

    Due to a civilization shift, the demand for palliative care is expected to rise. More and more and more and more younger people have to face cancer. And despite cancer being transformed into a condition possible to live with for a certain amount of time, as long as a science-based cure is provided, many people need the care to relieve enormous suffering. In Poland, cancer patients constitute 88 percent of the total within palliative care.


    As there are many emerging conditions that make humans impaired in a way impossible to fix to enable smooth functioning, the list with recognition of illnesses for palliative care needs to be widened. Another condition to be added in Poland is an end-stage failure of the kidneys. These organs are the key to the proper work of the whole body due to their role as a cleaner for an organism from undesired substances or substances in surplus gained outside. They are very often a gateway for the heart shape. The fundamental question is thus about the age of people with renal dysfunction to go for palliative care, as a ren may be transplanted.

     

  • Any NATO jump related to huge risk

    Which article of NATO deal is the most important one? Number 5. Why? Because provides the key for its existence despite shifts in policy.

    Watch film about NATO in a nutshell that included Polish contrbution.

  • What can heart do on the Earth? Cutting-edge technology saving life in Poland

    Joy of prof. Rafał Krenke, the head of Warsaw Medical University and doctors who performed heart transplantation. Photo: Jarosław Kulczycki/WUM


    A 14-years girl dreams to go to high-school may become true as she received heart on time despite a long way transport. A new perfusion and temperature technology sustained life in the heart for over 7 hours while the standard is 4.


    Olivia, a Polish teenager was born with a heart defect. Her heart managed to work for some time due to treatment offered in Poland. But, in one day, it refused further undertaking its tasks. In September 2024 the girl received an artificial ventricle, however the time of its functioning is limited. The only way to save Olivia’s life turned to be a heart transplant which, if succeeded, can give at least 20-years more on the Earth.


    Fluids in the box


    Getting a heart for a teenager is a huge challenge due to plenty of medical parameters necessary to match in order to succeed in surgery of transplantation. Polish doctors found such heart in Lithuania. Money collected during the musical concert performed by Sanah in Mrągowo, the capital of thousand lakes county, enabled the heart transport by car. It was possible due to a cutting-edge technology which makes the heart dedicated for transplant alive as it, among all, substantially shortens the time of the organ’s cut from blood and other body fluids. Along with lower temperature in the box heart is placed during transport, this extended time of its ,,fitness” for planned transplantation. Moreover, the machine facilitates a sense of prediction whether the organ is to work in a receiver organism. The solution substantially decreases the risk of its potential rejection in the new body.


    Share your life with those who help


    The transport by car from Lithuania to Polish Warsaw Medical Centre (Warszawski Uniwersytet Medyczny) took 7,5 hours. The heart has been grafted to the girl’s chest and undertaken work. The surgery has been performed on January 6, 2025 and Warsaw-based doctors informed about the success on January 20 after making sure Olivia remained in good condition. However, the girl requires further strict rules for her health life along with some limits for her effort. The life gift from Lithuania to Poland was possible in line with European Union Eurotransplant cooperation. The organization, among all, stipulates that, in the case of missing potential organ receiver in the mother-country, the transplant might be scheduled in the other. The technology applied for heart needed by Olivia has the potential to extend the time of organ transport for 12 hours what makes possible life sharing in the entire Europe.

    Ask for an access to the WUM file sharing point to get video with Dr Michał Buczyński on heart technology prospect

  • Why are we happy when learn with positive outcomes? Dopamine which opens our minds just like it.

    D1R photo-activation in neurons of the dorsomedial striatum combined with two-photon imaging of activity in L5 cortico-striatal projection neurons. Photo: Nuria Vendrell-Llopis, Jonathan Read, University of California, Berkeley


    Dopamine can modify already set patterns in our brain thus leading to a change of behavior. This neurotransmitter is doing so by activation a certain receptor in a group of brain cells located near cortex.


    Why medicine may be seen as an art? Because its major trick is to asses what’s missing and enable to fix it. In a needed quantity in the case of drugs. In German, the word doctor is ,,Arzt” with the pronunciation similar to English ,,art”. Having in mind, roots of many/Indoeuropean languages come from the same tree, it could be possible that during spreading human groups which were acquiring new lands, expression of some words have changed. But to regain the main plot, why this is dopamine so important for our minds and why it has the potential to substantially change them?

    One signal to another


    In the newly published study in journal ,,Neuron”, scientists of University of California, Berkely claim, timed dopamine signals underlie reinforcement learning, favoring neural activity patterns that drive behaviors with positive outcomes. And, in opposite, its missing may be harmful for brain. This may be why this neurotransmitter has been, among some other, named a happiness hormone. Neurotransmitter is a sort of protein which is capable to change electric impulse flowing from one brain cell to another for a chemical signal. The effect also depends on proteins – receptors taking the signal, in the membrane of the other cell. The whole process is taking place in synapse which is a place where the longer part of a brain cell (neuron) connects the next cell and acts as a link between them.


    American scientists write that in general, dopamine activates five receptors and the process occurs in striatum, a structure belonging to cerembrum which includes also the front-head cortex. These five receptors are differentially expressed in striatal neurons. Moreover, the role of specific dopamine receptors in reinforcement is poorly understood. But, as state scientists, their study on mice proves that activation of specified one may lead to the reinforcement. Applied technique with particular photo-tracker showed the receptor D1R activation is sufficient to change the firing pattern in a group of neurons located in a specific part of stratum. And, what is more, it reinforces it.


    The reinforcement is cumulative and time dependent, with an optimal effect when D1R activation follows the selected neural pattern after a short interval,


    says Nuria Vendrell-Llopis, University of California, Berkeley



    She underlines, that the study results show that D1R activation in striatal neurons can selectively reinforce cortical activity patterns, independent of a behavioral outcome or a reward, crucially contributing to the fundamental mechanisms that support cognitive functions like learning, memory, and decision-making.

    Redirect towards good outcome


    Dopamine is thus pivotal to reinforcement learning, as it bridges the gap between actions and their consequences. Without it or with too low volumes we may feel completely lost and unable to undertake daily tasks in our life. And, in opposite, too high expression may lead to hyperactivity what is also not profitable for our cognitive functions. We may be stuck in the past unable to go forward as our set neural patterns can not change due to constant reinforcement of them in our brains. But as dopamine may leave us in this trap, it can also redirect. How is this possible?

    Scientists hold that, as is typical of learning associated with reward, our focused D1R activation in dorsal striatal neurons results in cumulative and time-dependent reinforcement. The optimal effect occurs when the activity of the cortical neurons briefly precedes D1R activation. Scientists claim, the results show that, independent of a traditional reward, cortical activity patterns can be selectively reinforced by timed D1R activation in dorsal striatal projection neurons. In other word, dopamine certain volumes may create a window for a change with positive outcome particularly when the final activity of the focused path has been preceded by cortical neurons activity. Does it mean think twice before you undertake any action? Yes and not. Dopamine is therefore the one which enables us the right direction of thinking independent from traditionally obtained reward.

  • The key for domestication. Humans’ capability or plant’s domesticability?

    Oryginal date of publishing January 15/2025, By Marta Koblańska, Photo: Pixabay


    Just 15 edible plants provide us 90 percent of calories while a few hundred have been finally domesticated of the thousands of them. Why? The answer might be eligibility for domestication or humans’ limited ability.


    As state scientists, University of Southampton, UK in the newly published article in ,,Trends in Ecology and Evolution”, crop domestication arises from a coevolutionary process between plants and humans, resulting in predictable and improved resources for humans. At the beginning of their existence, humans consumed trees’ leaves and flash abandoned by other predators. Hunting and cultivation of plants which supported first human groups with energy came later. There are theories that meat and particularly cooked meat enabled so spectacular brain development but, on the other hand, plants are those who contributed the most to, lets say, higher culture. Agriculture though became a strong base for further civilization both because of surplus possible for distribution or its storage. Anyway the success of domestication of plants drove us to over 8 billion people living on the Earth in various environment and conditions.

    But, someone may ask, why we succeeded with only several domesticated plants delivering us often majority of energy we need to live, work, study or produce and distribute our ideas or discoveries? Some plants due to their genetic variants may be easier to edit and thus adapt to the environment offered by humans. Some are different and not eligible for domestication. This is why there is a difference between our capability to genetically adopt plant for our purposes and needed quantities as well as the plant capacity to adapt to new conditions.

    British scientists asked a question: ,,are there genomic and phenotypic features that facilitated or constrained the domestication of certain wild species under human management or cultivation? And they further state this knowledge would have consequences for understanding how future food security can be ensured. Why? Because hundreds of wild plants were collected and cultivated during the Neolithic and then abandoned as efficient food sources. But at that time the number of humans had been much lower than today.

    What makes plants possible to cultivate?


    The answer is simple. Their traits and more precisely the traits of their progenitors what stipulates a specific variant of genetic code which either enables adaptation to new requirements or makes it more difficult or impossible. The scientists admit, if crop progenitors possess traits that increase their domesticability, then domesticated species are a biased sample not representative of natural selection in the wild. If so, domestication could instead be a model for understanding the rapid evolution of highly evolvable species.


    The trait which is particularly desired from humans point of view is plasticity of a plant phenotype. This phenotype may be induced by climate change and/or human management. The phenotype expresses plant outfit while, as the scientists underline, plasticity is an adaptive mechanism that can result in multiple phenotypes from a single genotype. It is driven by transcriptomic changes in response to environment. In other words this is a rapid way of introducing new phenotypes into the population with pre-existing genetic variation. Of course the key is genotype ( hidden resources of species) which constitutes in the process of propagating and needs to its growth and expression certain conditions along with water and nutrients. Scientists admit that genotypes with high plasticity may be able to acquire resources quicker and increase growth under optimal conditions. Roots and leaves are
    particularly sensitive to growing conditions and root traits are known to be highly plastic.


    Plasticity could therefore ‘push’ crop progenitors in the right direction when brought into cultivation, accelerating adaptation to the cultivated environment and producing traits that humans would benefit from, as opposed to waiting for the relevant genetic mutation.


    says Anne J. Romero, the lead author of the study.


    But, certainly, specific mutations may also make the process of domestication easier and more efficient. But the process remains for now impossible to control if occurs in nature. However, despite mutations are random process, some of them may result with benefits. But, in the other hand limits the most human ability to assimilate the wild. For example, as British scientists hold, the number of loci responsible for selected traits, their dominance/recessiveness, and their arrangement in the genome (i.e., linkage), determines how fast species can adapt/evolve under selection. These together could have favoured some species over others. Selection from standing variation can fix small numbers of alleles with large effects faster than a large number of alleles with small effects. To be clear a loci is, in some sense, a collection of spaces with, lets say the same properties. The more of them with beneficial bodies, the better effect might be. This effect for plants may be for instance more and bigger seeds, size or response to light availability. In contrary, loci with dysfunctional properties – the final effect becomes worse. And usually the level of difficulty along with the success in domestication comes from progenitors genome traits.

    The scientists’ one of the most important conclusion is that crop progenitors may also be more resilient to disturbance. Defoliation of crop progenitors led to a 31 percent decrease in tillering and seed production, but a 61 percent reduction in never-domesticated relatives.

    The author’s note: The post has been first published on January 15/2025 with the number 173. Due to technical issues the post number had to be changed for 224, however the oryginal date of publication has been sustained.



  • Is Poland violating human rights?

    Written and published January 17/2025, By Marta Koblańska, Photo: Daniel Reche, Pixabay

     


    One of the top Polish psychiatric hospitals in Lodz, central Poland, unabled a parcel delivery to its patient, demanding an entry fee from the services provider. The parcel had been left, though in the Polish Post Office, just ten blocks from the hospital.



    On January 11 2025, a member of a family of a disabled patient of Szpital Babińskiego in Lodz, Aleksandrowska 159 street, being on bensodiazepine, asked Polish Post to deliver a parcel to him. The parcel included some food, coffee, and cigarettes, which can alleviate suffering due to benzodiazepine cut off, as well as apples, giving much help for patients treated with psychiatric medicines. Standard parcel with medium weight dispatched with Pocztex from Warsaw to Łódź is around 20 PLN. But Polish Post offered an extra 15 PLN delivery service for a designated date. Having in mind the kindness of a courier delivering a previous parcel to the same patient and the same hospital, this service has been paid for. The delivery date has been set for Monday, January 13, as Sunday is a day free from work, despite the transport to Łódź was taking place yet on Saturday.



    Monday came, and the parcel was found in Aleksandrowska 149 instead of 159 street, with the information left for the receiver, it is possible to collect at the Polish Post office. The patient, to whom the parcel was addressed to, obviously could not go to the post office and collect it due to his health condition and the rules applied in the hospital. The sender asked the hospital personnel to collect the parcel for the patient/recipient as it could not have been delivered directly due to the entry fee. The courier stated he would have to pay himself the fee, or the hospital would have charged the patient. The fact of payment, the delivery date, and the service by the sender of the parcel should secure the parcel’s receipt. But this has not been performed, and did not happen.

    What are Polish hospitals dedicated to?


    Instead of the collection of the parcel for the patient, the sender received on Wednesday, January 15, a furious phone call from the chief of the hospital division to which the patient was assigned. The chief was touched by the email with a request to collect the parcel for the patient. The doctor strongly underlined the legal obligation of a hospital is patients’ treatment, not the collection of parcels. He added, though, after making sure the sender is aware of how hospitals function in Poland, that demand from hospital a parcel tracking is not exactly what they provide. The sender managed to explain the case to the doctor.  Though there has not been tracking, but the parcel collection after the hospital required fees for entry. The doctor denied obligatory entry fees, and the next day the patient was released from the hospital. The parcel remained at the post office. The patient is now in a dedicated centre in Łód,ź further asking for cigarettes and fruits to relieve the effects of breaking addiction to bensodiazepines. These are the most difficult to cancel from the list of medications prescribed for a psychiatric patient and require a strong medical knowledge and knowledge of brain functioning to do so.

    Just to recall. Receiving a parcel is a patient’s right. The right to receive a parcel at the hospital or jail is one of the basic human rights, as everyone is equal in owning property. A dedicated parcel may be an example of that.

    Editor’s note: Due to technical issues, the post originally numbered 173 under the title,The key for domestication. Humans’ capability or plant’s domesticability?” published on January 15/2025 became post 224 while the post published on January 17/2025 with the title,, Is Poland violating human rights? has been numbered 173. I am sorry for the inconvenience.

     

     

  • Metformin, popular anti-diabetes drug can delay aging

    Photo: Temel


    Aging is an irreversible process of mature organisms. It involves all organs. Now, Chinese scientists claim that metformin, a popular drug for diabetes may reduce symptoms of aging.


    Biology of each mammal organism is similar. First, in womb form a two-cell zygote, it starts transformation into more and more advanced form till the readiness for living outside mother organism. Some experts say that human fetus has to get through all stages of evolution of vertebrates from fish to human off-spring. Then, outside mother organism it starts to mature and the process ends in brain which becomes ready for abstract thinking after adolescence completes. During this time anabolism which is a building of new cells outweighs katabolism which is cells’ destruction. But during menopause which has a hormone cause, katabolism starts to override anabolism and this is why organs become less and less efficient. This also touches, sooner or later, our brains. Now scientists from multiple institutions from China in cooperation with scientists from the US hold that metformin which is a substance commonly used to cure diabetes type 2 may delay this process. They published their study results in ,,Cell”.


    The scientists drove their conclusions from the detailed examination of cynomolgus monkeys. The monkeys, apes in particular are very similar to humans both in physiology and structure. But scientists started from studying analyzes of simpler in evolution tree organisms such as rodents, files and warms. In accordance with these studies, prior administration of metformin in these organisms showed some hints of rejuvenation.

    Is this why Chinese look so young?


    Although there are more advanced therapies for people with diabetes type 2, still many of them are taking metformin as the drug is very cheap. Diabetes type 2 causes many complications including vessels dysfunction what may lead to blindness or feet problems which may lead even to death. This is why people with this condition apart from strict diet are on pills or injections for a long time. And, what’s more, they often reported during the treatment they felt younger.


    Based on the results scientists conducted a study designed specifically to learn more about the drug’s impact on mammalian biological age. Several eldery male cynomologus monkeys were given metformin in the period of 40 months. Before the administration of the drug scientists collected tissue samples from the monkeys’ organs. They collected it also during the study except the brain which has been scanned. Monkeys were also to get thought some physical and mental tests in order to catch on potential changes.

    Breaking through outcome?


    What are the results? Metformin slowed down the process of aging in many organs including lungs, skin and kidneys. It was the brain that benefited the most form the drug what scientists could see in the cellular level due to modern medical technologies of examination. And all monkeys included in the study saw a slowdown in age-related decline of functions. They even managed to increase activity of their brain and showed results stipulated for monkeys six years younger. Why could it happen? The answer is very simple. Metformin stimulates brain cells to produce a protein called NRF2. This protein is protecting neurons from inflammation which is also seen as a trigger for aging process.


    Scientists admit their study is limited to the number of monkeys involved as well as the gender of them. The study included only males. The idea of slowing down the process of aging is also not new. But the results are worth to notice. Modern civilization brought to humans new conditions and diabetes is one of the major examples of it. Metformin can prolong lifespan of these people. Is it capable to delay aging of others? Chinese scientists enhance for longer and lager studies which will involve humans.

  • Sleepy history in our hippocampus. How cells in this part of brain recognize outside signals


    Surprise is not exactly what people like the most. We tend to assign better character to those we see more responsible for good outcome of interaction    .


    Is the most important for us what we can not see? The recent study proves it might be. Particularly in digesting information from outside environment and during social interactions. And, what’s more, the key in the way we interact with others may depend on two small structures of our brain – hippocampus located in the upper-head at the corner. How is this possible? Hippocampus is the course of our memories and emotions and thus latent causes of the process of identifying features of the environment. The outcome of the interaction very often depends on the pattern which has been already set. Moreover, the contribution to the outcome may not be equal and the perception of that is also determined by hippocampus activity. Scientists from Oxford examined blood flow in this part of the brain using imaging of functional magnetic resonance. Disruption of the prefrontal cortex activity impaired participants’ ability to update their estimate of the portion of the contribution during interaction and thus the responsibility for the outcome – state scientists with the leading role of Ali Mahmoodi. Hippocampal activity reflects interference of cause.

    What is the nature we like?


    Every day we interact with others. We observe other people, we observe the environment around us and we decide whether to deepen interactions of withdraw from them. We are learning from the experiences we obtain. But to learn we need to identify causes responsible for those experiences. And this is very important for our social life – identification of an event and even more – determinant which contributed to it. This underlines the outcome of the interaction. We are gathering feelings and results and they are stored in our hippocampus. Cortex updates estimated association between cause and outcome.


    But some causes of an event have to be discovered, yet. And the link between an observer of an event and the update does not need to be sequential. Instead it might occur simultaneously due to neural activity taking place at the same time in more than one part of the brain. What also is important in our social interactions we tend to assess more positively outcomes generated by people we consider as a good character. We see them more responsible for a positive outcome while people we see more negatively we consider to be more responsible for poor outcome. Of course we are able to update our estimates but usually we do it in a way the good character is gaining more while the bad character is losing more. Why?

    Mysterious cells


    Scientists confirmed the results in the study of activity of brain cells and choices made by participants. Because we prefer less surprising outcome we are connecting what is good with good and what is bad with bad. This is due we are able to store our experiences in our hippocampus. We are capable to learn though. When we observe or experience a bad outcome from certain interaction we will expect the next one is going to be the same. This is why we estimate the responsibility for worse outcome is larger for character previously linked to poor result. And opposite. We prefer to assign more positively outcome to people before responsible for the one. The update of our assessment is also more beneficial for character associated with positive outcome and more strict in the case of character considered responsible for poor outcome. And these are the hidden causes in a process of interaction. We are conscious of some of them as we remember our previous experiences and we may be not able to identify them despite they are stored in our brain cells.

    The study has been published in one of the top science and medical journal ,,Neuron”.

  • How single gene may trigger heart attack

    One single gene may activate mechanisms responsible for heart attack. An old cure may help.

    Every second cells building our body divide creating new cells and this is a very complicated process. The major goal of that is to create cells which will maintain functions. The ones already used, you can say, lose their validity or mileage. During this process as it takes some time and comprises many steps, mistakes may happen. These mistakes are mutations of genes passed from one cell to another. And such a mutation may be or innocuous either hamper some functions of the new cell, sometimes all of them, sometimes may lead to a future disease when wrong copies of the basic gene begin to be duplicated in further cells division.

    Heart attack is a very common incident throughout the world despite well-known wide range risks of this condition as well as more and more advanced interventions undertaken when it occurs along with measures against it. The most known risk factors include high blood pressure, obesity, high LDL cholesterol, diabetes and low physical activity. Particularly high cholesterol worries physicians as they see in it the main reason of atherosclerosis that can block blood vessels and this way contribute to lesions in the vessels as a consequence. And the true is that in many countries atherosclerosis due to high cholesterol is major reason of cardiovascular problems. But, as scientists from Spanish Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC) discovered there may be another cause of atherosclerosis. This cause is genetics which often makes us susceptible for problems with our health.

    Dangerous gene for our heart


    A single gene called TET2 wrong copy acquired during the division of blood stem cells may cause atherosclerosis. The blood vessels narrow slowing down the blood flow. This way it can lead to ischemia of heart and heart attack which is a sudden disruption of blood flow into the organ. The mechanism though is different than the one coming from an elevated level of cholesterol. The muted gene is stipulating a creation of subpopulation of blood cells which share the wrong copy of the gene and expand. The professional name of that is clonal hematopoiesis. The condition was linked to atherosclerosis but scientists were not clear whether it was a reason or consequence. It was also linked to the aging process and in fact it is one of biomarkers of aging. The condition is the most commonly shared by people after 50-ty in general population or sometimes before 20-ty in population of people with Down syndrome. Moreover, some sources link the somatic acquired mutation of the TET2 gene to cancer mutations among people in healthy population.

    Scientists point out that the only way to prevent a heart attack due to clonal hematopoiesis that the same as cholesterol may harm walls of vessels is blocking the effect. The formation of lesions in the arterial wall underlines most cardiovascular disorders. The cure is colchicine, a substance gained from a certain plant and used from thousands of years in traditional medicine. Nowdays medicine uses medicines based on the substance to treat inflammatory conditions such as goat.

    There is no major obstacle to its use for the prevention of cardiovascular disease in people with TET2 mutations.

    says dr María Ángeles Zuriaga, who conducted the experimental studies at the CNIC and is the first author of the study published in the European Heart Journal. 

    The medication is very cheap and available throughout the world. American FDA and European Medicine Agency  granted their approval to the drug in prevention of cardiovascular disease in people with mutation in TET2 gene. The substance slows the development of atherosclerosis and thus alleviates the effects of clonal hematopoiesis associated with acquired mutations in the gene. The article was published in ,,Nature Medicine”

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Repetitio mater studiorum est

If anyone could give me a paid job in line with my qualifications, not because I do not want to work at shop or warehouse, but due to my low section spine impairment since mid- 2020 (sometimes very paintful) or even since mid-2003 (up-section hyperextension confirmed in medical exam) and very serious sight impairment since early childhood that excludes heavy or even moderate lifting or too exessive effort, I would strongly appreciate it.

Other way to support is to pay a free amount directly to my banking account with the number as follows:

BREXPLPWMBK98114020040000360233760739

That could help me to upgrade the site and continue work on it, unless no one wants me to write or say anything more. For now, in June 14408 valid views, 9188 so-called errors, 5781 sessions with 1:54 for a single one. Since the beginning of 2026 – 14593 valid views for 6904 sessions with 1:48 sec. of an average duration. Last year 167315 with 44820 sessions. Last 7 days: 2758 with 0:42 of an average session duration. The number of sessions: 1690. Have not gotten a penny for my hard work. Total views in June 2026: about 15000. Bots account for 13.9% share in total access in 2026. For the last month bots obtained 9.1% share in views. The valid pages access increased within the last 30 days by 17% to 12827, while client error pages soared by 16.9% versus 30 previous days to 4868. Last month valid increase amounted to 21% to 12811, error pages dropped by 2%. China share: 20% with 894 sessions. The US – 27.8% with 1247 sessionins. Singapore – 6.2% share. Poland – 138 with 3.1% share for the last month- June 2026 and 2.8% share with 144 sessions for the last 30 days. The total number of vires since the beginning of this year – 2026 – about 127000. I resigned from these ,,professional” sources, as I am not going to perform unpaid highly-skilled work. No single word from me about medicine or energy. Unless anyone is willing to pay me – on my banking account for the content she/he used/uses at various meetings, conferences, decision-making sittings, etc. The banking account number has been specified on the website – above. The tax is to be paid. People do not wish me to be journalist – fine. I accept.

And again, as still dirty attempts are made: I do not wish any contact with my parents, especially so-called farther, so-called family, and any former boyfried, former fiances or would-be husbands. True friends are welcome!

To confess: my main regret is given help in 1999 and the British Chevening Scholarship in 2002/03 in Oxford (anyway stolen, as I could notice living in a huge trauma for the recent over 20 years), as well as baptism and brain-washing in the Polish mafian church with my (fortunately dead) lovely aunty.

My email, if someone wants to return my 50 birthday present (purchased myself) ,,How the Female Body Drove 200 million Years of Human Evolution” is evolutionandsecurity@proton.me. Just read about a half. But sometimes read from the end! The decision to clear me out has been made on January 20, 2024, when I was in London for my birthday. Did anyone wish me anything nice for my birthday in the recent years? Apart from those realy unfortunate wishes you want to breake me again to accept. No. It has been clear for many, many years.

My heart stopped on February 28, 2024 after 3 years of hard and heart-given work along with very sore spine for Polish Public Television, Science Unit because I wanted to have normal life and on May 8, 2025 after tremendously hard work for Medonet/Onet, because I wanted my Oxford Diploma/background to be published on their website and wanted to write a decent story about the medical boundaries in human development to cut or at least decrease life-costing mistakes. I just needed more medical information.

Lesson: never help others, even though their life is threaten. Why? Because you will not even receive information about a mass in the intention of their health improvement. You will be accused of bringing insects to the flat because you do not have time to stay long and you do not want to clean as this is not your home. The keys will be immediately taken with the message – go for a holiday, rest! Others will ask: why are you doing this? Going to the rehabilitation place? You want this flat, don’t you? – when you give a paid advert to contact someone close to smooth suffering because of the illness. For your birthday present you will receive an evicion of allegedly unpaid invoices for funded from your money rehabilitation of the person life you accidentally saved, which had been paid a year ago. And when you need a job, you get an offer to be a free caregiver. You really did not want to save, as you did not want to open the door in the early morning, alone, not seeing, who is knocking and why. Was my door the only one knocked to? You can be paid caregiver but far away from your country with broken spine. So never again!

So my heart will not beat anymore, as it used to. Too much dirt. Fingers crossed for those, who have faith! One message – I was scheduled for an upgrade surgery of my low-back spine twice, as the first one is not well-done. Who received it instead, as my ,,injury” was less important for medics and the so-called familiy and former friends?

My final thoughtful request is: I would kindly ask to take under consideration that I would like to receive my upgraded Oxford Diploma along with the Alumni Number for the paper I researched and wrote within 3 months, when the stipulated time was one year, upgraded University of Warsaw Diploma and a decently-paid job in line with my qualifications, along with the reunion to the society and people at my age, instead of constantly hearing – no place, go somewhere else, we do not like you, take your medicines and shut up, go to bed, you are a course and useless slut, as it was a very nice summary of my work for Polish Public Television along with pictures of mine which were not mine in line with the philosopy – you are that much slut, another time makes no difference. I have a deal with someone and I would like to start my own life for myself at once at the age of over 52. Of course I can do nothing if you are not wishing or willing to accept my requests. But, anyway all of them, now, have been expressed clearly and openly. With restrictions: no former boyfrieds, fiances, would-be husbands or the so-called family that can be easily checked in records. No trust from me anymore after so many humililiations and infractings to check whether I deserved life and job or not deserved.

And yes, I was waiting for theoretically my friends to call and say a good word about me. Spontanously, to invite me somewhere to spend some time with me, to ask how I am, to say something nice, to say my writing improved, my look, just to talk and not to use everything they hear against. Not the old ones. At my age. Instead I got imairment in exchange for money, that I had to take. I look in the mirror. What can I see? Empty. Wishing you smile and happiness, when you are happy because of someone’s else breakdown! And yes, I feel deeply hurt, constantly hurt, despite all my efforts and trials to deserve for a normal life – job, someone close, flat renovation, cat, sometimes restaurant. Instead I can not get connexion with anyone, even if I see that someone called, I am hungry, as I do not have money to buy food, bank refuses a loan as the perspective has been downgraded. Why? Because I smoke? If I had a tiny chance for a normal, stable life with someone with me (apart from the mentioned above who the most substantial help was given not only in 1999, with this I did not want and I do not want anything – it would not be different this time), that I want to be with, not because others want, I would have given up smoking many years ago. I smoke nearly 40 years. That happen, if you sell your child, when you do not need to or you buy it, because you have your own plan for its life. Can not forgive? I can. Did it many times and many times was asking it for myself. No one wished. Why? Maybe because they think I should forgive this I do not want to, as one or two of my former friends suggested. And really this time, I do not want to. Why? No trust. Simple.

And to be honest, I would not trust God at least on Earth taking into account the numbers of dead in wars, because of fanatics actions and brain-clearing catholic propaganda along with money for births, baptisms, weddings and funerals. The quantity of the latter substantially increased in the recent years. People decide about their faith. And the only way to stop fault deaths is fair-play, free choice and respect to ,,no” instead of constantly destroying, what someone else is trying to build, not to mention someone elses’ work robbery, depriving or helping others just to build its own connexions and image. Hell and devils welcome!

Happy Chevening meeting in Warsaw! Would be nice to be invited. No one called to say a word. Instead of me those who ruined, stole my life, paper, health and money and I do not wish any contact with. But I would come, if anyeone else had told me. So another proof how totally I was excluded and recognized as disgraced, persona-non-grata. As I said no contact with the so-called farther and his holly wife. I returned the parcel from them without opening. Another proof how totally they do not respect what I am saying and what I am asking for. To AstraZeneca – no consent from me to store my data anymore. Wishing you a nice evening raut!

It would be also, first of all, nice to enter the place of meeting because of my Grandma Birthday Commemoration. As usually since the recent 23 years – the door was closed. With kind regards and best wishes! I am not expecting anything from you, you don’t expect anything from me. For me, you are both dead for these all years of heart and help from my side, sent money and support as such. Never again.

To University of Warsaw. You do not have me among those you can be proud of. I have not turned out to be human. Another form to join an event and find out there is no place for me. Thank you!

marta.koblanska@evolutionandsecurity.com, evolutionandsecurity@proton.me

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